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Spatial Reasoning

Enhancing spatial reasoning increases retention of women (and men) in the technology classroom.


Alphatome – Enhancing Spatial Reasoning

Check out this exercise developed by a biology professor to enhance students' spatial reasoning. By taking slices of clay letters, students enhance their skills without using challenging jargon or digital imaging.

LeClair, Elizabeth, "Alphatome--Enhancing Spatial Reasoning," Journal of College Science Teaching v. 33 no. 1 (September/October 2003) p. 26-31.



A Plea for Spatial Literacy  Download PDF Now

This article cites the importance of spatial thinking from building furniture to discovering the structure of DNA. The author calls for more education in spatial literacy, in particular for women.

Newcombe, Nora S., "A Plea for Spatial Literacy," Chronicle of Higher Education, 00095982, March 3, 2006, Vol. 52, Issue 26.



Effects of Video Game Playing on Measures of Spatial Performance: Gender Effects in Late Adolescence Download PDF Now

For more than 50 college students, playing Tetris for a total of 6 hours improved mental rotation time and spatial visualization skills in women and men.

Reprinted from Okagaki, Lynn; Peter A. Frensch, "Effects of video game playing on measures of spatial performance: Gender effects in late adolescence," Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, Volume 15, Issue 1, Pages 33-58, Copyright (1994) with permission from Elsevier.

Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology Homepage



Flatland Helps Students Perceive Different Dimensions  View Flatlands in the CalWomenTech Learning Library

Flatland: The Movie is a half-hour animated film about Hex, a young female hexagon living in a two-dimensional world inhabited by various geometric characters. The film, adapted from Edwin Abbott's classic novel, Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions takes students through different dimensional lands and teaches important math, physics and science skills. Included is a school site license, the complete text of the book and teacher worksheets and math lessons.



Gender Differences in Spatial Reasoning Skills and their Effects on Success  Download PPT Now

More than three-quarters of women who took an introductory spatial skills course were retained, compared to 48 percent of the women who didn't take the course. This presentation shows what worked at one College of Engineering. See the Spatial Reasoning Software developed by Sheryl Sorby.

Sorby, Sheryl, "Gender Differences in Spatial Reasoning Skills and their Effects on Success," The Michigan Tech Project: Phase 1--Initial Development, Michigan Technological University.



Identifying Gender Differences in the 3-D Visualization Skills of Engineering Students in Brazil and in the United States  Download PDF Now

Many female engineering students lag behind their male counterparts in 3-D visualization, which is critical to engineering. The authors explain why and recommend solutions. See the Spatial Reasoning Software developed by Sheryl Sorby.

Medina, Afonso and Helena Gerson and Sheryl Sorby, "Identifying Gender Differences in the 3-D Visualization Skills of Engineering Students in Brazil and in the United States," International Conference on Engineering Education, 1998.



Learning Style Based Innovations to Improve Retnetion of Female Engineering Students in the Synthesis Coalition Download PDF Now

A two-hour workshop on spatial reasoning with accompanying visualization software completely eliminated significant gender differences in spatial reasoning abilities among a group of UC Berkeley engineering students.

Copyright © 1995 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Reprinted from, Agogino, A.M. and S. Hsi, "Learning Style Based Innovations to Improve Retention of Female Engineering Students in the Synthesis Coalition," (Engineering Education for the 21st Century: Proceedings of Frontiers in Education, FIE'95, ASEE/IEEE, pp. 4a2.).

This material is posted here with permission of the IEEE. Such permission of the IEEE does not in any way imply IEEE endorsement of any of the products or services of the Institute for Women in Trades, Technology & Science (IWITTS). Internal or personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution must be obtained from the IEEE by writing to pubs-permissions@ieee.org.

By choosing to view this document, you agree to all provisions of the copyright laws protecting it.



Playing an Action Video Game Reduces Gender Differences in Spatial Cognition Download PDF Now

This study looked at the effects that playing a 3D action video game had on the spatial reasoning skills of males and females. It found that playing the game virtually eliminated the gender difference in spatial attention and simultaneously decreased the gender disparity in mental rotation ability. It also found that test subjects saw substantial increases in spatial attention and mental rotation ability after only 10 hours of playing, with women benefiting more than men.

Jing Feng, Ian Spence, and Jay Pratt, "Playing an Action Video Game Reduces Gender Differences in Spatial Cognition," Psychological Science v. 18 no. 10 (24 Sept. 2007) p. 850-855



Spatial Ability Development in the Geosciences Download PDF Now

After a one-semester introductory geoscience course, gender differences in spatial relations skills had disappeared for a group of college science majors.

Baldwin, Tammy, Michelle Hall Wallace, "Spatial Ability Development in the Geosciences," poster, American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, December 8-12, 2003



Teaching Spatial Reasoning to Improve Retention of Women in Technology: Webinar Access Webinar Here

This webinar, presented by Sheryl A. Sorby, Ph.D., discusses the ways in which improving your female students' spatial reasoning skills increases their success in the technology classroom. The webinar includes a demonstration of Dr. Sorby's unique software, Introduction to 3D Spatial Visualization: An Active Approach, which you can find in our CalWomenTech Library under "Spatial Reasoning."





The CalWomenTech Project is Funded by The Program for Research on Gender in Science and Engineering from The National Science Foundation - Grant no. 0533564
 
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